Monday, February 25, 2013
Fwd: Rethinking wind power. Another reason solar is the best resource
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Rebecca Van Nichols
Date: Monday, February 25, 2013
Subject: Rethinking wind power
To: Monty Bannerman <mbannerman@arcstarenergy.com>
http://www.rdmag.com/news/2013/02/rethinking-wind-power?et_cid=3110245&et_rid=268504345&linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.rdmag.com%2fnews%2f2013%2f02%2frethinking-wind-power
Rethinking wind power
Mon, 02/25/2013 - 11:32am
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"People have often thought there's no upper bound for wind power—that it's one of the most scalable power sources," says Harvard University applied physicist David Keith. After all, gusts and breezes don't seem likely to "run out" on a global scale in the way oil wells might run dry.
Yet the latest research in mesoscale atmospheric modeling, published in Environmental Research Letters, suggests that the generating capacity of large-scale wind farms has been overestimated.
Each wind turbine creates behind it a "wind shadow" in which the air has been slowed down by drag on the turbine's blades. The ideal wind farm strikes a balance, packing as many turbines onto the land as possible, while also spacing them enough to reduce the impact of these wind shadows. But as wind farms grow larger, they start to interact, and the regional-scale wind patterns matter more.
Keith's research has shown that the generating capacity of very large wind power installations (larger than 100 square kilometers) may peak at between 0.5 and 1 Watts per square meter. Previous estimates, which ignored the turbines' slowing effect on the wind, had put that figure at between 2 and 7 Watts per square meter.
In short, we may not have access to as much wind power as scientists thought.
An internationally renowned expert on climate science and technology policy, Keith holds appointments as Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Physics at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) and as Professor of Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School. Coauthor Amanda S. Adams was formerly a postdoctoral fellow with Keith and is now assistant professor of geography and Earth sciences at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
"One of the inherent challenges of wind energy is that as soon as you start to develop wind farms and harvest the resource, you change the resource, making it difficult to assess what's really available," says Adams.
But having a truly accurate estimate matters, of course, in the pursuit of carbon-neutral energy sources. Solar, wind, and hydro power, for example, could all play roles in fulfilling energy needs that are currently met by coal or oil.
"If wind power's going to make a contribution to global energy requirements that's serious, 10 or 20% or more, then it really has to contribute on the scale of terawatts in the next half-century or less," says Keith.
If we were to cover the entire Earth with wind farms, he notes, "the system could potentially generate enormous amounts of power, well in excess of 100 terawatts, but at that point my guess, based on our climate modeling, is that the effect of that on global winds, and therefore on climate, would be severe—perhaps bigger than the impact of doubling carbon dioxide."
"Our findings don't mean that we shouldn't pursue wind power—wind is much better for the environment than conventional coal—but these geophysical limits may be meaningful if we really want to scale wind power up to supply a third, let's say, of our primary energy," Keith adds.
And the climatic effect of turbine drag is not the only constraint; geography and economics matter too.
"It's clear the theoretical upper limit to wind power is huge, if you don't care about the impacts of covering the whole world with wind turbines," says Keith. "What's not clear—and this is a topic for future research—is what the practical limit to wind power would be if you consider all of the real-world constraints. You'd have to assume that wind turbines need to be located relatively close to where people actually live and where there's a fairly constant wind supply, and that they have to deal with environmental constraints. You can't just put them everywhere."
"The real punch line," he adds, "is that if you can't get much more than half a watt out, and you accept that you can't put them everywhere, then you may start to reach a limit that matters."
In order to stabilize the Earth's climate, Keith estimates, the world will need to identify sources for several tens of terawatts of carbon-free power within a human lifetime. In the meantime, policymakers must also decide how to allocate resources to develop new technologies to harness that energy.
In doing so, Keith says, "It's worth asking about the scalability of each potential energy source—whether it can supply, say, 3 terawatts, which would be 10% of our global energy need, or whether it's more like 0.3 terawatts and 1%."
"Wind power is in a middle ground," he says. "It is still one of the most scalable renewables, but our research suggests that we will need to pay attention to its limits and climatic impacts if we try to scale it beyond a few terawatts."
Source: Harvard University
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Monty Bannerman
ArcStar Energy
646.402.5076
www.arcstarenergy.com
Tuesday, February 19, 2013
Fwd: Ontario's Speech from the Throne Focuses on Common Ground of Strong Economy, Fair Society, Effective Legislature
See weasel wording on energy infrastructure.
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Ontario News" <newsroom@ontario.ca>
Date: Feb 19, 2013 3:44 PM
Subject: Ontario's Speech from the Throne Focuses on Common Ground of Strong Economy, Fair Society, Effective Legislature
To: <mbannerman@arcstarenergy.com>
Cc:
From: "Ontario News" <newsroom@ontario.ca>
Date: Feb 19, 2013 3:44 PM
Subject: Ontario's Speech from the Throne Focuses on Common Ground of Strong Economy, Fair Society, Effective Legislature
To: <mbannerman@arcstarenergy.com>
Cc:
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Follow Us On TwitterMonday, February 18, 2013
Chilean government to invest $3.2 million in off-grid PV systems
Chilean government to invest $3.2 million in off-grid PV systems | |
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Monty Bannerman
ArcStar Energy
646.402.5076
CA getting lots of offers at $0.17/kWh
LADWP sees strong interest in FIT program | |
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Monty Bannerman
ArcStar Energy
646.402.5076
Thursday, February 7, 2013
FW: China Sentences 7 For Toxic Gel Capsules | News | Manufacturing.net
You would think these morons could find something non-toxic to cheat their
customers with, but they never do.
http://www.manufacturing.net/news/2013/02/china-sentences-7-for-toxic-gel-ca
psules?et_cid=3080141&et_rid=45636295&linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.manufacturing.
net%2fnews%2f2013%2f02%2fchina-sentences-7-for-toxic-gel-capsules
BEIJING (AP) -- Chinese state media say a court has sentenced seven people
to prison for producing chromium-tainted gel medicine capsules.
The scandal that was exposed in April 2012 was the latest to rock China's
pharmaceutical industry, which suffers from abundant fakery and substandard
ingredients.
The official Xinhua News Agency said Thursday that the seven received
sentences of up to 11 years for producing and selling toxic products. They
were sentenced Wednesday at a court in eastern Zhejiang province.
It says three companies run by them made and sold drug capsules with
industrial gelatin, which contained excessive levels of chromium, between
2010 and April 2012.
Sent via BlackBerry from T-Mobile
customers with, but they never do.
http://www.manufacturing.net/news/2013/02/china-sentences-7-for-toxic-gel-ca
psules?et_cid=3080141&et_rid=45636295&linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.manufacturing.
net%2fnews%2f2013%2f02%2fchina-sentences-7-for-toxic-gel-capsules
BEIJING (AP) -- Chinese state media say a court has sentenced seven people
to prison for producing chromium-tainted gel medicine capsules.
The scandal that was exposed in April 2012 was the latest to rock China's
pharmaceutical industry, which suffers from abundant fakery and substandard
ingredients.
The official Xinhua News Agency said Thursday that the seven received
sentences of up to 11 years for producing and selling toxic products. They
were sentenced Wednesday at a court in eastern Zhejiang province.
It says three companies run by them made and sold drug capsules with
industrial gelatin, which contained excessive levels of chromium, between
2010 and April 2012.
Sent via BlackBerry from T-Mobile
Brazilian state of Minas Gerais launches support for solar at mines
Brazilian state of Minas Gerais launches solar atlas | |
|
Monty Bannerman
ArcStar Energy
646.402.5076
Monday, February 4, 2013
solar mining
Sunedison plans 100 MW PV plant for Chilean mining company | |
|
Monty Bannerman
ArcStar Energy
646.402.5076
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